Life of Brian as Historical Satire Essay examples

Monty Python’s Life of Brian traces the tragic last year of Brian of Nazareth, a man who shares his exact birthday and town with Jesus Christ, the subject of countless biblical epic films. Comedy distinguishes this biopic, which features a male actor playing the analog of the Virgin Mary, a cured leper begging for alms, and spontaneous song on the crucifix. It is not sufficient, however, to relegate the film to parody, which seems the obvious criticism, simply for taking a comedic outlook. The unique style and construction of many scenes imply that comedy partially motivated the film, but other stimuli clearly contributed to its simple message. Closely analyzing the film’s principal utilization of non-realistic elements and scenes†¦show more content†¦In this case, the viewer expects the Virgin Mary to accept frankincense, gold, and myrrh. The feminized male voice, the hideous face, the slapstick, and questioning if myrrh is â€Å"a dangerous animal† all interrupt anticipated conventions that are informed by Bible scholarship, h istory, and a host of previous artistic works. The canonical information that contributes to the viewer’s expectations is restored when the mother tells the three wise men that her child is called Brian, thus relinquishing the Christ parody that could have been. The realism that permeates the first few shots allows the payoff joke to work. Production designer and group member Terry Gilliam describes the achieved realism in relation to the intended overall style: â€Å"We actually wanted to give it a very rich feel, we didn’t want it to be too lit. You very often find comedy is over-lit, but we wanted it to look like an art film. I don’t see any reason why a comedy shouldn’t be beautiful. I wanted it to look like an epic: to look rich and have depth of color.† The intricate scenes in the film reveal a balance between humor and historical reality that allows it to creatively explore ancient culture without having to rely on other canonical films for a cheap laugh. The movie-going public naturally assumes comedy plus history equals parody, which is usually appropriate considering, for example, Robin Hood: Men in Tights (Mel Brooks, 1993), which barelyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwell s Nineteen Eighty Four 1122 Words   |  5 Pagesto promote assimilation to the way of life that the party believes is right. The media is a constant reminder that he is never alone and is continually being monitored. Being that the text is told from Winston’s point of view, the responder also feels the sense of o ppression that influences Winston’s life The power of the media also exists in Oprah however it highlights the positive nature. It shows how through a small coverage of Berhan’s survival by Brian Stewart, it can lead to much needed supportRead MoreFeminism in Top Girls and The Handmaids Tale Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pagesextreme with claims such as it is every man’s right to rule supreme at home and a woman’s place is in the home. [7] She sets the story in a pseudo-religious totalitarian society. The narrator of the story, Offred is describing in her diary the life of women in the society in the theocratic Republic of Gilead of the future. Top Girls is classified as Theatre of Alienation. Through the unconventional structure of the Brechtian Theatre, Churchill does not want the audience to simply follow theRead MoreElements of Postmodernism in Ishmael Reeds Mumbo Jumbo, Don Delillos White Noise, Toni Morrisons Beloved and Thomas Pynchons the Crying of Lot 496348 Words   |  26 Pages Mumbo Jumbo, Ishmael Reed Mumbo Jumbo is according to the cover Ishmael Reeds â€Å"brilliantly satiric deconstruction of Western civilization, a racy and uproarious commentary on our society. In it, Reed mixes portraits of historical figures and fictional characters with sound bites on subjects ranging from ragtime to Greek philosophy.† It was written in the late 1960s and deals with the current cultural issues of the time. Set in 1920s New York City, the novel takesRead MoreTraffic, Directed by Steven Soderbergh Essay3306 Words   |  14 Pagescomedies, films about heroin are almost always tragedies, focusing on the way in which the drug is both a protest against an inhumane world and the immediate means of the heros self-destruction. While marijuana films revel in satire, heroin films explore the complexities of self and self-destruction. Distinct from both are films about cocaine, which are almost always evocations of and reflections on the American dream itself, that is to say, on politics in theRead MoreLiterary Group in British Poetry5631 Words   |  23 Pagesin England 3.1 Early Renaissance poetry 3.2 The Elizabethans 3.2.1 Elizabethan Song 3.2.2 Courtly poetry 3.2.3 Classicism 3.3 Jacobean and Caroline poetry 3.3.1 The Metaphysical poets 3.3.2 The Cavalier poets 4 The Restoration and 18th century 4.1 Satire 4.2 18th century classicism 4.3 Women poets in the 18th century 4.4 The late 18th century 5 The Romantic movement 6 Victorian poetry 6.1 High Victorian poetry 6.2 Pre-Raphaelites, arts and crafts, Aestheticism, and the Yellow 1890s 6.3 Comic verseRead MoreEssay on Art Criticism and Art History2671 Words   |  11 PagesArt criticism and Art History Case Study: The use of assemblage and the found object in historical and contemporary art practice. The origins of the practice of assemblage can be traced back to its early twentieth century roots based on ideas presented by Dadaists. The Dada movement was a literary and artistic movement during the First World War and further developed as a non-art movement. The main idea of Dada was to not follow a uniform rule of what an artwork entails in order to be valuedRead MoreGeorge Orwells Animal Farm Essay examples2468 Words   |  10 PagesTask 1 Part A: A satire to some, but a slanderous novella to us: George Orwell’s Animal Farm uses a plethora of satirical techniques to mock our glorious authoritarian regimes. Throughout the sequence of events, the animals live under ridiculous commandments, such as not wearing clothing or sleeping on beds. They are each rightfully voided until one modified version remains: â€Å"ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL / BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS† (Orwell, Animal 133). The trimmings of freedom, althoughRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 Pagesto express them. The following section covers the subject of intertextuality in The Simpsons through parody, pastiche and self-reflexivity. This section concludes by identifying parallels between The Simpsons and Jameson’s theory on the loss of historical reality in the postmodern era. In the final section we examine how Baudrillard’s theory of hyperreality can be applied to The Simpsons. Particular attention is given to the role of the mass media in the construction of postmodern hyperreality, inRead MoreEssay on Medea and Nietzsches Will to Power4275 Words   |  18 Pagessuffering (Jenkins). The Dionysian alienates figures from social, political, and familial bonds, destroying those who refuse to succumb to its power (McClure). Nietzsche says that the Dionysian is the: Saying yes to life, even in its most inimical, hardest problems, the will to life delighting even in the offering up of its highest types to its own inexhaustibility†¦Not to be laden through pity and terror, not to be purged by this vehement discharge of a dangerous emotion . . ., but beyond terrorRead MoreExamples of Book Review9130 Words   |  37 Pagesancient spells and rituals that will haunt them for the rest of their lives. _______________ The following is an example of book review brevity, but it says everything the reader wished to convey. 1) Mystery, magic, intrigue, and great attention to historical detail. ~~ Sherrye Boyer Dix, London, England Notice in the above sample of book review writing that the reader pointed out what appealed to her. _______________ An author is allowed to extract excerpts from total information received in a review

Personal Statement Take A Deep Breath - 876 Words

Personal statement I’m pacing around, in retrospect,â€Å"Take a deep breath. I will be fine,† that how I implied myself in my first exam when I was a freshman in college. That was two years ago, how fast time flies. Thankfully, the college provided me ample opportunities to foster my passion, and the most precious things I learned were about interpersonal skill. In that ensuing years, I won two kinds of scholarships and involved in several extracurricular activities including performed in Global Fest, presented my Honor Program Project, volunteered in UW night market, and be an Economics subject tutor in Tutoring Center. Ultimately, growing up in this environment encouraged me to keep moving forward to achieve my desired academic outcomes and†¦show more content†¦Looking back, my undergraduate Business education in college has given me a great foundation to understand in that field generally and attracted me to find my current goal, to push me on to the next step. This cannot be truer than in Economics, where world evidence is constantly changing every day. With improving on these skills, I have taken charge of developing myself academically and professionally by remaining engaged, exploring all viable options, and remaining committed to my dream to enter a business apartment. Overall, I strive to empower and equip myself with knowledge through each visit with my tutee and the hope that we made together. I commit myself to extensive study and practice to master the skills of their profession. Thinking about my college life so far, I am enthusiastic to help every student with my knowledge. At the same time, I was fascinated with Economics since working in the tutoring center. The opportunity will allow me to continue to immerse myself in Business. This award encouraged me to keep moving forward with my future Business Economics major study. What’s more, that will help me further working and carrying out an idea that I have been planning for a long t ime: to be an business economist. Now, I want to master the skills of Business Economics, work to improve the processes of Economics practice, and successfully educate my clients so they are empowered to choose a better way. 6.The most important part ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Angela Lambert s Keep The Young Alive- But Let The Old Die 940 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"I have implored my children not to let me degenerate into a spoon-fed, geriatric foetus†. A very powerful statement made by Angela Lambert as a subheading for her article â€Å"Keep the young alive- but let the old die in peace†. The author’s intentions and arguments are very clear and specific to the reader, even before having read the actual article. Angela Lambert was a first-rate writer in a number of genres. She was a journalist for the Independent, a United Kingdom based magazine. In her articleRead MoreAnalysis Of Samuel Wallace s Unfinished Business 1250 Words   |  5 Pagesanniversary was on a Monday. Fortunately, that was the day that Mr. Marin spent alone in his office all morning. He played blackjack with some business associates every Sunday and came to work on Monday hung over. He would, as per norm al, instruct his personal assistant, Emily, that he wanted no interruptions all morning, as he was very busy. However, everybody in the office knew that he was just sleeping off Sunday night’s bourbon. Monday morning, Samuel crept quietly into the downstairs kitchen whereRead MoreDisadvantages Of Communication1139 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication Communication in verbal and written form is difficult for me to convey to others. I am the person whom will take you to the barn instead of using the direct path. In communication, there are several questions that need to be asked and answered. First, determine the the purpose. Second, determine what are the emotional or physcial needs of the other person being conveyed through dialog. The second stage of communication deals with the perception of the conversatuion. During theRead More McKays America Essay673 Words   |  3 Pageswrites this poem as though it is meant to be heard by all. However, there are some parts in â€Å"America† where it takes a more personal approach. For example, when McKay states â€Å"Stealing my breath of life, I will confess I love this cultured hell that tests my youth.† and also when he mentions how he gazes into the days ahead. I find in those sections of the poem McKay takes a more personal approach because of the specifics menti oned solely about her. The public approaches McKay makes in â€Å"America† areRead MoreThe Focused Leader : A Leadership Article Analysis1188 Words   |  5 Pagesourselves, other people, and our world strengthens our platforms of leadership. Analysis In â€Å"The focused leader†, Goleman examines the path that leads us in recognizing our inner feelings, thoughts, and actions. Through his careful observations and deep knowledge of leadership issues, Goleman connected his ideas and thoughts to three relevant subjects on â€Å"focusing on yourself, focusing on others, and focusing on the wider world† (p. 52). It is interesting to find out that when we understand ourselvesRead MoreMovie Review 12 Angry Men607 Words   |  3 Pageshimself had been a victim of such treatment out of held prejudices. One such instance comes in one of the movie scenes as well when juror 7 makes a remark on juror 11 and says â€Å"they† are all alike who come running for a life and before you can take a deep breath they get on your head and calls him arrogant. Towards the end juror 10 again makes a long speech on people from the slums and how they can kill for fun and don’t care if somebody gets killed. He calls them children of gutters and points outRead MoreEmotional Intelligence ( Eq )854 Words   |  4 Pagesemotionally conscious. This writer utilized the Bradberry and Graves (2009) emotional appraisal tool to complete an assessment of own emotional intelligence with a view to set goals and formulate action plans to improve on professional success and personal excellence. According to the reports of the appraisal findings, an overall score of 74 underscores that the writer could build strength in his emotional intelligence with a little improvement effort. The scores of the four skillsets for Self-AwarenessRead MoreSummary Of The Scarlet Letter 1136 Words   |  5 PagesPuritan societal values and deep rooted beliefs in society, but is a threat to organization and is eventually a source of entropy. In other words, radical individuals do not help society to function. This feeling is constantly displayed by the Puritan magistrates that order Hester to wear the scarlet letter. They believe that the business of establishing and perpetuating a society demands the full efforts of all of its members; there is no time for the indulgence of personal desires (Baym 143). SomeRead MoreThe Star Of An Inconvenient Truth897 Words   |  4 Pagesaction. Gore’s use of ethos through real-life recordings and graphic simulations support Gore’s claim that his motivation stems from obvious, moral reasons; however, his inclusion of his past failures and mentioning of his recent success through personal flashbacks and first-person narration generates pathos, suggesting that Gore, while inspiring the audience to grow less selfish, ironically seeks validation and self-redemption for his own political shortcomings. Throughout the documentary, Gore’sRead MoreThe, The And, And Universal Warfare966 Words   |  4 Pagesher soul.†I love thee to the level of everyday s/Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light†(lines 5-6) tells that she loves every day all through the day endlessly. Lastly, â€Å"I love thee with the breath,/Smiles, tears, of all my life!(lines 12-13) explains that she loves with all her tears, smile, and breaths that she took in her entire lifetime. I believe that what she described is possible. Love is such a strong feeling that descriptions like that is perfect to explain about the one you love.People

Origin of Sewage Free Essays

Sewage is created by residential, institutional, and commercial and industrial establishments and includes household waste liquid from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks and so forth that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas, sewage also includes liquid waste from industry and commerce. The separation and draining of household waste into grey water and black water is becoming more common in the developed world, with grey water being permitted to be used for watering plants or recycled for flushing toilets. We will write a custom essay sample on Origin of Sewage or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most sewage also includes some surface water from roofs or hard-standing areas and may include stormwater runoff. Sewerage systems capable of handling stormwater are known as combined systems or combined sewers. Such systems are usually avoided since they complicate and thereby reduce the efficiency of sewage treatment plants owing to their seasonality. The variability in flow also leads to often larger than necessary, and subsequently more expensive, treatment facilities.In addition, heavy storms that contribute more flows than the treatment plant can handle may overwhelm the sewage treatment system, causing a spill or overflow. Modern sewer developments tend to be provided with separate storm drain systems for rainwater. As rainfall travels over roofs and the ground, it may pick up various contaminants including soil particles and other sediment, heavy metals, organic compounds, animal waste, and oil and grease.Some jurisdictions require stormwater to receive some level of treatment before being discharged directly into waterways. Examples of treatment processes used for stormwater include retention basins, wetlands, buried vaults with various kinds of media filters, and vortex separators (to remove coarse solids). Sanitary sewers are typically much smaller than storm sewers, and they are not designed to transport stormwater. In areas with basements, backups of raw sewage can occur if excessive stormwater is allowed into a sanitary sewer system. How to cite Origin of Sewage, Papers

Output Gap and Inflation Target Monetary Policy

Question: Describe, including a Philips curve diagram, how and why the output gap between equilibrium and actual output is used by policymakers to target inflation. With reference to the IS/PC/MR model and the extract from Minutes of the Monetary Policy Committee for January 2015, explain the Bank of Englands decision to hold interest rates at 0.5% and to maintain asset purchases, known as Quantitative Easing (QE)? Answer: Output Gap and Inflation Target When the economy experiences downturn then there is a decline in the economys output of goods and service. But when the economy recovers then that output, popularly known as countrys GDP increases. Policy makers and economist take interest in these ups and downs in the economy which is called business cycle. But what they are more concerned with is how close the gap between current output and potential output is. Their main interest is not only on the increase or decrease in GDP but also on the extent to which the GDP is above or below the potential level. This difference in the current or actual output and the potential output is the output gap. The potential output is defined as the maximum output an economy can produce when it is most efficient or in other words is at full capacity. The potential output is sometimes referred to as production capacity of the economy. With the rise and fall in GDP, the output gap can be positive and negative. A positive output gap occurs when current output exceeds the potential output. This happens when there is high demand and to meet this demand the workers operate above their efficient capacity. A negative output occurs when there is spare capacity and the economy has weak demand. The negative output gap is characterized when the potential GDP exceeds the potential GDP. (Abel and Bernanke, 2001) The presence of an output gap is represents that an economy is not at its efficient level- it is either overworking or underworking its resources. Policymakers tend to use the potential output to measure the dimension of inflation. In this regard, the output gap is like an indicator which analyzes the demand and supply components of economic activity. In short we can say state that the output gap evaluates the degree of inflation in the economy and it helps to establish an important linkage between the real side of the economy which includes the production of goods and services and inflation. During recession, a fall in aggregate demand causes output gap to be negative where potential GDP exceeds actual GDP. This output gap is directed by the increase in unemployment and unemployed resources. The level of output gap helps to recognize the level of inflation in the economy. The negative output gap determines inflation to be low. In this situation the monetary policy tend to be lax where a low rate of interest would be required to accentuate growth and diminish negative output. A positive output gap is a situation where the rate of growth is above the trend growth and this leads to a rise in inflationary pressure. Now this output gap is related to unemployment. The non accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) is that unemployment rate that is consistent with constant inflation rate. The deflection of unemployment rate from its NAIRU is related with the diversion of output from its potential level. If the policymakers are able to state that the actual employment rate is equal to the NAIRU, then the economy will be able to produce the maximum output without overutilizing the resources in short there would be no output gap and no inflation in the economy. As we have analyzed that output gap has close association with the rate of inflation. So we can establish a relationship between inflation and unemployment. The relationship between the level of unemployment and the rate of inflation in the economy is shown with the help of the Phillips curve. The policymakers could explain the tradeoff between the unemployment and inflation. The Phillips curve helps to explain that as unemployment in creases, the rate of inflation lowers. The reason behind this tradeoff between the inflation rate and the rate of unemployment is that with an increase in aggregate demand the real GDP increases and therefore firms hire more workers and thereby the level of unemployment falls. But as the economy touches the full capacity, we can witness some inflationary pressures. This is because as the level of unemployment is lowered, the workers get the urge to demand more money wages which leads to a wage inflation. Also firms can increase the prices because of this rising demand. So we can see that as the level of unemployment is decreasing the economy is experiencing higher inflation rate. (Imf.org, 2015) The deviation of the unemployment from NAIRU is related to the output gap which is the deviation of the actual output from its potential level. Thus the output gap acquires a central position in the course of policy making. Most of the central banks aim at attaining the full capacity level where full employment leads to no output gap. And almost all central bank attempts to control the rate of inflation and output gap plays an important role in determining the inflation pressure. The output is responsible for indication the over performing or underperforming nature of the economy and so monetary policies are in immediate requirement in this regard. The monetary policy can be implemented by the central bank to enhance growth when the economy is under recession and there is a negative output gap. This is done by lowering the interest rates in order to increase the demand and restrict inflation to fall below the central banks target on the inflation rate. Again in the boom period, there exist positive output gap which initiates inflation rate to grow and in this context the central bank can stimulate growth in the economy by increasing the interest rates. Thus the policy makers are increasingly using the output gap to target inflationary pressures in the economy. But there crept up certain difficulties in estimating the output gap, so the policymakers use other economic indicators like employment, utilizing the capacity, shortages in labor, money and credit growth and inflation relative to expectations to assess the overall capacity pressure within the economy. (Claus, n.d.) Bank Of England And Low Interest Rate Based On Inflation Targeting Model The inflation targeting model is described by a three equation model IS-PC-MR. over the years the main policy goal of most of the central bank is targeting inflation which is conducted by the implementation of the monetary policy. The key policy instrument in this case is the nominal interest rate. The model assumes that the central banks systematically try to minimize the fluctuations of output around its natural rate of full employment and fluctuations of inflation about its target. The model assumes that the rate of inflation goes through a slow and persistent process and its takes around a year for the monetary policy to impact the output and this in turn takes around a year for the output to affect the inflation rates. The model also assumes that the central bank sets the nominal interest rate (i) and can evaluate the real rate of interest based on i and the expected rate of inflation which is nothing buyt the inflation of the previous period considering the adjustment lag. The equation given below describes the above assumption: The model is implemented on the basis of three set of equations: IS curve: (Mankiw, 2007) The equation of the IS Curve is Where C is the consumption, I is the investment, G is the government expenditure, EX is the exports, IM is the imports and Y denotes the real GDP. In this model, any change in the real interest rate affects the spending. As r increases, the borrowings of the consumer fall which is depicted by a fall in the C. this fall also leads to a decrease in the real GDP. Again if r declines then I will fall because investment and real interest rate are inversely related. A fall in the level of investment leads to a decline in the real GDP,Y. Also if r declines then the level of export falls but the imports rise leading to a fall in the Y. So the central bank has to adjust r to determine the level of real GDP of the economy. Phillips curve (PC): It establishes an inverse relationship between the level of unemployment and the rate of inflation. The equation of the Phillips curve is given by: (Stock and Watson, 2008) Where is the inflation rate, e is the expected inflation rate, Y is the actual GDP and Ye is the potential GDP. So as Y exceeds Ye, there is positive output gap which leads to increase in inflation rate and as Ye exceeds Y, there arises negative output gap which lowers down the inflation rate. So in order to reduce inflation, it is the duty of the central bank to create an output gap. And creation of output gap is done by increasing the real rate of interest by the central bank. (Ma, 2014) Monetary Policy Reaction Function (MR): The monetary policy rule helps to explain the mechanism of adjusting the real interest rate to target inflation in response to different shocks within the economy. The objective of the model is to stabilize inflation by minimizing output fluctuations. (Bain and Howells, 2015) The MR works when the central bank raises the real interest rate in order to slump the economy and thereby reducing inflation. As inflation declines people adjust their expectations to be low. This will drive down the PC to the level of expected inflation. The lower inflation enables the central bank to decline in the interest rate and inflation falls. Gradually the target rate of inflation is acquired and the economy reaches the full employment. (Bain and Howells, 2003) Based on the Minutes Of The Monetary Policy Committee Meeting 7 and 8 January 2015 The CPI inflation was around 0.55 IN December 2014 and it declined below the target of 2%. The main reason behind the fall is the steep fall in the wholesale energy prices last year. Since the inflation is below its target, the unemployment is well above the sustainable rate. This can be explained by the PC which defines an inversely relationship between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate. In order to stimulate growth in the economy, there is an immediate need to return the inflation rate to its target and eliminate the economic slack. (BBC News, 2015) (Neuenkirch, 2013) There were significant developments after the Inflation report of November which included fall in oil price, the spot price of Brent crude oil had decreased to $50 per barrel. It was expected by the bank staff that the CPI would be below zero during the first half of 2015. The market interest had fallen due to the tight UK monetary policy. The outlook justified that it is necessary to maintain the current level of Bank Rate and the asset stock purchases (Aldrick, 2012)which is financed by the issuance of reserves of the central bank. The adjustment in the monetary policy would be adjusted to ensure that CPI inflation returned back to 2% target. The two members who voted for the increase in the Bank rate was of the view that the sharp fall in the inflation rate below 2% target was initiated by other temporary factors. (MINUTES OF THE MONETARY POLICY COMMITTEE MEETING 7 and 8 January 2015, 2015)Thus the decision by the Bank of England to maintain the interest rate at 0.5% requires a pr oper implementation of the UK monetary policy which would by the MR signifies that it should aim at improving the unemployment scenario to raise the inflation rate to its target. (Tradingeconomics.com, 2015)This will lower the real interest rate from the first equation which in turn increased the level of investment and thus improve the real GDP. Thus, improvement in the real GDP by the growth in the level of investment is justified by the IS curve. (Fender, 2012) Thus, Bank of Englands decision to hold interest rate at 0.5% would drive up the inflation to its target and thereby increasing the level of investment. This increase in the level of investment will drive up the aggregate demand and in short this will help to stimulate growth in the economy by increasing the real GDP. (Dow, Klaes and Montagnoli, 2009) (Gerdesmeier, Mongelli and Roffia, 2010) (Tradingeconomics.com, 2015) References Abel, A. and Bernanke, B. (2001).Macroeconomics. Boston: Addison-Wesley. Aldrick, P. (2012).Economists call time on quantitative easing after Bank votes to hold. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/economics/9663744/Economists-call-time-on-quantitative-easing-after-Bank-votes-to-hold.html [Accessed 7 Mar. 2015]. Bain, K. and Howells, P. (2003).Monetary economics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Bain, M. and Howells, P. (2015).Monetary Economics: Policy and Its Theoretical Basis. Palgrave Macmillan. BBC News, (2015).Bank keeps UK interest rates on hold. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-30726535 [Accessed 7 Mar. 2015]. Claus, I. (n.d.). Is the Output Gap a Useful Indicator of Inflation.SSRN Journal. Dow, S., Klaes, M. and Montagnoli, A. (2009). Risk And Uncertainty In Central Bank Signals: An Analysis Of Monetary Policy Committee Minutes.Metroeconomica, 60(4), pp.584-618. Fender, J. (2012).Monetary policy. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Gerdesmeier, D., Mongelli, F. and Roffia, B. (2010). Interest Rate Setting by the Fed, the ECB, the Bank of Japan and the Bank of England Compared.Comp Econ Stud, 52(4), pp.549-574. Imf.org, (2015).What Is the Output Gap? - Back to Basics - Finance Development, September 2013. [online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2013/09/basics.htm [Accessed 7 Mar. 2015]. Ma, J. (2014). The Modern Phillips Curve Revisited.ME, 05(03), pp.188-200. Mankiw, N. (2007).Macroeconomics. New York: Worth Publishers. Minutes Of The Monetary Policy Committee Meeting 7 and 8 January 2015. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/minutes/Documents/mpc/pdf/2015/jan.pdf [Accessed 7 Mar. 2015]. Neuenkirch, M. (2013). Predicting Bank of England's asset purchase decisions with MPC voting records.Applied Economics Letters, 20(13), pp.1275-1278. Stock, J. and Watson, M. (2008).Phillips curve inflation forecasts. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Tradingeconomics.com, (2015).BoE Shows Concerns Over Low Inflation. [online] Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/articles/02122015110830.htm [Accessed 7 Mar. 2015]. Tradingeconomics.com, (2015).BoE Voted Unanimously to Leave Rates on Hold. [online] Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/articles/01212015101809.htm [Accessed 7 Mar. 2015].

Biography on Sacagawea Essay Example

Biography on Sacagawea Paper Sacagawea was the interpreter for Lewis and Clarks adventure, declared by Thomas Jefferson in 1803 to finda water route to the Pacific Ocean. America could possibly not be what it is today without the help of Sacagawea. Sacagawea was an native american girl who was taken to slavery at a young age, and from slavery went to be noted a a great woman and also is remembered on the 2000 one dollar coin. Sacagawea wasfirst known at birth as Boinaiv, which means Grass Maiden; she was part of the Shoshone tribe. She was born at about 1790 and she was from the area in which is now today Idaho. At the age of twelve she wascamped near the Missouri River in Montana. They were encroached upon by warriors from the Hidatsa. There were four men, fourwomen, and many boys killed that day. That day Boinaiv and many other girls and boys were taken back to the Hidatsa village and were kept as prisoners. When Boinaiv arrived at the village she was renamed Sacagawea, which means Bird Woman. At the Hi datsa village Sacagawea was enslaveduntilabout 1800-1805. She was then either bought or won by a man by the name of Toussaint Charbonneau. At this same time, president Jerfferson and the U.S. Congress were authorizing a voyage to find the Pacific Ocean. This means putting a gourp of men together that would explore the territory between the Mississippi and Colimbia Rivers and attempt to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean. Heading up this mission would be Jeffersons secretary and condidante, Lewis, and Lewis friend Clark. On October 27, 1804, Lewis and Clarks expedition reached the village of the Mandan Indians, in North Dakota. There they met Sacagawea and he French- Canadian husband Toussaint Charbonneau. At this time she was about 17 years old and pregnant. Clark was keeping a journal of their journey, also known as the Voyage of Discovery. In this journal historians found that on November 4,1804, A Mr. Ch

Research both purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each

Research both purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each Summary The report details the best way a company should go in its process to upgrade its computer equipment. In fact, any organization should opt for the most advantageous way in terms of savings and efficiency (Zimberoff, 2002). This report will weigh the option of purchasing and leasing this equipment in terms of benefits the company expects. Leasing computer equipment ought to be cheap compared to purchasing new pieces. The company will be recommended to go for the leasing option, as opposed to purchasing new equipment (Gelinas et al, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Research both purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction This report is based on a research carried out to establish the most viable option for the company wishing to upgrade their computer equipment (Weaver Weston, 2007). The research was done by in terviewing several dealers in computer equipment with the aim of established which a cheap option (Oz, 2008). People in computer equipment businesses were involved whereby they were requested to give their quotations for new equipment. In addition, enterprises that lease computer equipment were consulted in order to get useful information on prices. This computer equipment may include, keyboards, mice, monitors, CPUs, printers and UPSs. This equipment advances at a high rate hence creating the need for upgrades in the organization (Harold Bierman, 2010). It was found that leasing equipment is cheap as compared to purchasing new ones because, there are many costs involved with installation of new equipment. When the organization decides to lease this equipment for the installation, will be on the part of the owners and maintenance, as well. Discussion Leasing computer equipment is cheap as compared to purchasing new equipment. This is because some of this equipment needs to be upgrad ed often due to changes in the technological world. It becomes so uneconomical for one to purchase new equipment after every six months or one year (Nevitt et al, 2011). In case, they lease this equipment and at expiry of the lease period they are phased out by advancement in technology, then they easily change to the latest technology. The company is saved on the cost of disposing outdated equipment by opting to lease this equipment (Chandra, 2005). In fact, by leasing computer equipment, the organization saves a lot of money in terms of maintenance cost. This is because tear and wear of the equipment are in the hands of the owners and not the organization. Depending with the agreement, the organization may lay off its technicians hence becoming abundantly economical (Kendall, 2008).Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From most of the enterprises consulted on this matter, many advised that the organization should lease equipment because they keep on advancing. These advancements create the need of constant upgrading hence becoming an expensive activity for companies that have to purchase new equipment every time they have to upgrade (Hosford-Dunn, 2008). Conclusions Leasing equipment was found to have many advantages as a lot of costs are cut. This means that, for organizations dealing with constantly advancing equipment, it is extremely crucial that they arrange with dealers and attain such equipment for some time and take them back. In addition, organizations may get a chance to lay off some employees since their efforts cease to be required hence cutting down some costs. Recommendations The research data details several aspects of considerations but eventually, leasing was found to be most viable idea for the organization (Harder, 2004). This is because; it saves the organization on operational and managerial costs. Therefore, the organiz ation should lease computer equipment hence maximizing out of the idea. Appendices These cost analysis for an organization having leased equipment for five years. Cost for the proposed system (figures in USD Thousands) Benefit for the propose systemAdvertising We will write a custom report sample on Research both purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Profit = Benefits Costs = 300, 000 -154, 000 = USD 146, 000 References Chandra, H. (2005). Fundamentals of financial management. New York: Tata McGraw-Hill. Gelinas, U. J., Sutton, S. G., Hunton, J. E. Hunton, J. (2004). Acquiring, developing, and implementing accounting information systems. New Jersey: Thomson/South-Western. Harder, F. (2004). Fa$hion for profit: from design concept to apparel manufacturing a professionals complete guide. London: Frances Harder. Harold Bierman, J. R. (2010). An In troduction to Accounting and Managerial Finance: A Merger of Equals. London: World Scientific. Hosford-Dunn, H., Roeser, R. J. Valente, M. (2008).Audiology practice management. New Zealand: Thieme.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kendall, K. E. Kendall, J.E. (2008).Systems analysis and design. San Jos: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Nevitt, P.K., Fabozzi, F. J. Mathew, J. V. (2011). Equipment leasing. Sydney: John Wiley and Sons. Oz, E. (2008). Management Information Systems. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Weaver, S. C. Weston, J. F. (2007). Strategic financial management: applications of corporate finance. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Zimberoff, T. (2002). Photography: Focus on Profit. London: Skyhorse Publishing Inc.

The effect of salt temperature on ice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The effect of salt temperature on ice - Essay Example These bonds hold the molecules together forming the solid ice (Churchill et al). The salt ions dissolved alter the existing hydrogen bonding in the solid ice and this has an effect on the normal freezing point of the ice causing the temperatures to drop. In this experiment we are going to determine the effect of salt on the temperature of ice. In the first bowl, when the salt is added on the ice, at first nothing happens but after sometime, the temperature of the ice drops before the ice starts melting. The ice the melts gradually and the temperature increases. In the second bowl, the ice starts melting at 0oC a.nd melts gradually as temperatures increases. When salt is added to ice, it is able to lower the freezing point of any water molecules that are on the surface of the ice and this prevents it from freezing again hence helping to melt the ice surrounding the solid ice. Water that is pure in nature has its freezing point fixed at 0oC while salt is able to melt down ice to a temperature of about

Organisations and Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 4

Organisations and Behaviour - Essay Example It was found that the enterprises have to design their business outline in such a way that every activity is synchronised and integrated (Hetland et al., 2011). Each and every activity has to be collaborated so that their combined effect is evident in the organisation’s performance (Chen & Huang, 2007; Nyabadza, 2010). The crucial requirements are changes in the corporation’s culture, procedures, policies, infrastructure, Information Technology (IT) and management styles so that they can meet the demands of the current market requirements (Kouzes & Posner, 2012). In order to assess the organisational structure and culture at British Telecom (BT) and Ryanair, the websites of the two corporations have been reviewed in detail. From the analysis of BT’s strategy and management philosophy, it is evident that it has flat organisational structure so that there are less formal levels and hierarchy is simple. The major elements of the flat form of organisation are that all the functions are transparent and every business activity is clear (Mullins, 2010). In order to support the creation of innovative and creative culture, BT has made sure that it provides its employees with sufficient autonomy to make decisions, promotes team working atmosphere so that everyone is willing to make meaningful contribution, encourages risk taking behaviour so that there are new ideas and innovative solutions are implemented and the employees are involved in every vital business decision so that they feel valued and appreciated. However, on the other hand, Ryanair which is a low-cost European airline has a matrix form of organisational structure so that every department works in coordination with the other. The matrix form of corporations provides the departmental heads an opportunity of networking with key employees of other departments and develop strategic

External Factors Affecting Recruitment Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

External Factors Affecting Recruitment - Article Example This article is an attempt to discuss some of the significant aspects of this area of study while focusing on the recruitment of entry-level staff in different organizations, and the effects different factors cause on them. Authors of the article has identified various factors in which, sources of the recruitment stands as one of the common external factors that affect the recruitment process in an organization. Nowadays, recruitment has become an intense and complex process of HR that involves advertising, interviews, categorization, and characterization of employees, etc. In the result, more and more organizations are now putting this responsibility on shoulders of external recruiters that play a significant role in affecting the recruitment procedure in the organization, especially the external recruitment where organizations seeks candidates from outside the organization. In addition, budget and cost are some another factors that also affect the recruitment process in the organizations, as it is an observation that companies often do not go for identifying candidates far away from the region of their organization due to higher costs of advertising and other expenses involved in the process. However, internet has resulted in ease of this process, and various organizations are not putting efforts to recruit individuals from the internet recruitment that has eliminated various factors of the past. One of the noteworthy attributes of this article is the inclusion of different factors based on the perceptions of recruitment officers of an organization rather than focusing primarily on the theoretical frameworks of the recruitment and HR process, which has been a common practice of authors globally. Besides sources of the recruitment, labor market is another significant factor that plays a crucial role in the success or failure of the recruitment process. In specific, supply and demand ratio in the labor market affects the planning of

Recruitment And Selection Plays A Vital Role In Every Industry

Recruitment And Selection Plays A Vital Role In Every Industry Recruitment and Selection plays a vital role in every industry. Recruitment is also the process of locating and attracting the applicants which are capable for the vacancy. Recruitment and selection both are very closely linked. Both of the activities directs towards achieving the appropriate candidate with the requisite competencies and attitudes. The recruitment can also be understood as the foundation for the selection process by providing the number of applicants from which the selection panel and select the suitable candidates. So it is the source of manpower to meet the requirements which are needed in the staffing (Flippo, 2000). There are basically two types of recruitment, internal and external. Internal recruitment can be understood as they where the suitable candidate is chosen amongst the employees within the organization; however external recruitment is where the suitable candidate with the required competencies and attitudes are chosen externally. In simple words the ou tsiders are invited to fill the current vacancy. The aims of recruitment are: To get a pool of candidates with appropriate competencies for the vacant posts To choose the candidate with the fair process To make sure that all the recruitment activities are achieved as per lines to the organizational goals The recruitment process is conducted in a cost effective manner The term selection can be the best understood as the process to fill the vacancy either internally or externally. . It is to make a choice among all the applicants and to choose the best for the organization (Banfield, P.Kay,R, 2008). The major goal of selection is to choose the best person for the job. Selection matches the candidates as per the job requirements to understand that how well the candidate will perform to the requirements of the offered position as they do not want that the candidate to leave the organization in a short span of time. As the recruitment and selection process costs to the company hence the selectors want the best candidate. Basically the objectives of the selection are as follows: To collect the relevant information. Organize and study the information collected. Evaluate each candidate. Hence, it could be better understood as the important aspects in the organisation. The organisation does the recruitment and selection to achieve the organizational goals. The inappropriate selection can result in the loss to the organisation. There are various ways of doing the recruitment, like advertisement, head hunters and some do the recruitment fairs. Hence the recruitment and selection process differs from the sector to sector. In current scenario, the company invests the considerable amount of money to recruit and select the best suitable person for the organization so that the person could be an asset for the organisation. The long process starts from, Identifying requirements, screening, process design and the process end by offering the appointment letter. After this the training is provide to the candidate. The training also cost a considerable amount of money on the candidate. The following stages are used in the recruitment process. Refer Fig . Identify vacancy Prepare job description and specifications Advertising the vacancy Managing the response Short listing Arrange interviews Conduct interviews and decision making India is recognized as the emerging economies worldwide. India has a large population and it has got a vast land size. The land size has a diverse culture and extreme diversities in income level which vary state to state. The country has a high level of illiteracy rate among the large population, however, the country still got a huge reservoir of managers and technological advanced talent. Between 30%-35% of population resides in metros and urban cities and rest in urban, semi urban and rural centres. The countrys economic policy framework reflects features such as structure, size and diversity of the banking and the financial sector. There are basically two types of sectors operated in India, Private sector and the Public sector. In the private sector there are three main types of organization, which are Sole traders, Partnership and the franchises. The public companies are those companies which are owned by the government. These companies are well known in national and as well as the international companies. Recruitment Process Fig , Different Stages for Recruitment process The country need to have a sound and effective banking system so that the country could have a healthy economy. The banking system of any country should be smooth and should be ready to face of the challenges which could be incurred by the technological or the other external or internal forces. The major name in the Indian banking industry is State Bank of India. This bank originates in the first decades of the 19 century. Later, it got merged with the imperial bank of India. Further the government of India nationalized the Imperial bank along with the reserve bank of India and the name was changed to State bank of India. It is one of the Indias largest commercial banks. The government controls maintains a stake of 60% in State bank of India. The bank has 13,500 branch offices throughout India, staffed by nearly 220,000 employees (Source: www.sbi.co.in). State Bank of India is also present worldwide. Not only is this but the important point to notice here that, because of the effective management the SBI has to manage to make an international presence as well. Thats the only reason that they have office in almost 12 other countries around the world apart from India such as the ones listed below (Source: www.sbi.co.in) Bahrain China Japan Mauritius United States of America Indonesia United Kingdom Nepal Singapore SBI Canada SBI California South Africa Aim of the Project The main aim of this research would be to target on the importance of recruitment and selection in one of the leading public and private sector banks in India, State bank of India and I. C. I.C.I and how does it differ from a private limited bank. Secondly, would try to find out, how the recruitment and selection process affects the applicants and their views, with the help of a questionnaire. Objectives of the project To identify the general practices used by both the public limited bank, State bank of India. To identify the general practices used by both the private limited bank, I. C. I. C. I. To make a broader understanding as how the recruitment and the selection process affects the State bank of India and I. C. I. C. I banks. How the recruitment and selection in State bank of India differs from a private limited bank. To determine as which practice is the best form the comparison study. To find out the recruitment policy of ICICI Bank Importance of the Project Study The study that I have done is quite significant in one sense; its to highlight the practical application that the HR Managers need to deal with their HR policies relations and responsibilities. The study is to provide a flavour the recruitment and selection process is carried out in these banks. Reason for the Project The reasons for the project are quite clear, having a look the tremendous history of the bank. Its quite evident that any passerby would like to have a look, what is that has made the bank to become of the biggest in the country and a worldwide presence too. That is the reason that these project and research studies have been designed. The main reason for the project is to understand the business areas of these two major Indian public and private banks and understand their way of business and then primarily understand the HR plans and their working cultures. Because India being such a diverse nation and to put across any business lines or strategies it needs to be really sound and the people who are behind the planning and the implementation of these strategies need to be having the exact idea and the way the people are going to respond the idea of the bank. All this is done with a clear picture of the banks goals and objectives. So these are the main areas that are basically tired t o be analysed. The other important area to be analysed for this project is the customers and the bank relationships too. Scope of the Project The scope of this project is to understand the working and the recruitment and selection of the employees. The following points Extent of the Research Inclusions On the research Exclusion of the research Limitations to the research Literature Review As mentioned earlier, the term recruitment can be determined as the process of identifying the pool of appropriate candidates which is suitable for the job vacancy outside the organization or within the organization is a cost effective manner. However selection can be best understood as the process where the best person is chosen from a pool of desired candidates. The recruitment and the selection are the core areas of the human resource management. Hence, it makes the company to choose the appropriate person for the organization which helps in achieving the goals and performance of the organization. In simple words the recruitment selection chooses the best person for the organization. The recruitment and selection process focuses on the candidate which fulfils all the requirements of the vacancy and also trains them for the desired post. The employees are recruited on the basis of many things, good communication skills, flexibility and openness of the person etc. The recruiters sel ect the candidate on the basis of many qualities for the good performance and also on the qualities which they notice while interviewing the person (Hay, 2006). The largest country in South Asia is India. It has a huge financial system with varied financial institution. Indian banking sector was well developed prior to its Independence (1947). There was a significant presence of both foreign and domestic banks and well developed stock market. (Bery, 1996). In India there are 26 public sector bank, 22 private sector bank, 56 Urban and cooperative bank and 29 foreign banks in India (Indian banking Association). In India the top banks among all the banks is the Reserve bank of India. The Reserve bank of India supervises the banking functions of the other banks (Source: www.sbi.co.in). State bank of India is the largest financial service provider company. It provides a range of banking products. It has got 16,000 branches and India and has the highest branch in India. The company had a profit of Rs.10, 998 crores ($24.18 billion) (Source: www.sbi.co.in). Recruitment and selection plays a major role in any of the banking or financial sector. The people are the main force on which the economy depends. If the HR people take a wrong decision in selecting a candidate to work the company can die. The majority of the companies use the same pattern of recruiting and selecting the employees which are as follows: Job analysis profile of knowledge, skill, competencies, ability and the temperament suggest decision made on recruitment and selection. Identification of the need for the new employee through the re organization or by the replacement of the employee. Select the employee internally. Format the application and the process foe examining the criteria determined. Job vacancy and the other publicity material are put into the public domain. An application arrives Experimental procedures Research Methodology In my research I will be using the qualitative and the quantitative methods but will focus majorly on the qualitative method. The reason is that the qualitative data is quite descriptive and I will be able to express the results and also the feedback from the employees in a descriptive manner. The main aim of the study will be the recruitment and selection in State bank of India. The reason of retention in the companies, as the research requires more of interviews, which can be telephonic or face to face makes the report more descriptive. The questionnaire will be distributed in both the public and the private bank and the analysis will be done as which practice is the best. The project will be done in two stages. Primary research Secondary research Primary research Primary research involves the collection and also the raw data which is collected through surveys and interviews will be analysis. The result will be discussed and evaluated. The primary sources which I will be using to collect the data are- Collecting the data from common using questionnaires. Interviewing the employee and the HR managers of the multinational organization. Secondary research This research includes the study based upon the reading of the books and the journals which are referred in the library. The reading will involve the reading which is written by the different scholars on the same issue. All the arguments from the different scholars will be deeply analysis will be conducted. The conclusion will be drawn and then evaluated with the date and the finding collected by me. The basic understanding can be achieved by the review of the different books. The secondary sources which I will use to collect the data are- The digital library B.C.U library Human resource management articles and journals Business magazines Reports News paper articles Data Processing The graphs and the pie charts will be used to show the data collected from the questionnaires. The result be descriptive and will be achieved by the questionnaires and the personal contact with the Human resource management people and the employees of both the public and the private limited company. Concept of the Project The project is basically broken down into three broad areas Basic Recruit process and their importances Recruit and selection process of State Bank of India Recruitment and selection process of I. C. I. C. I A brief qualitative study is done on the three highlighted areas of the project, the main area of research is to analyse how the recruitment process of the bank are in line with the ones commonly followed by the general companies and the ones that are specifically developed by the bank keep in view their requirements etc. Methodology The following methodology is followed in this project in order to achieve the aim objectives. The following flow chart gets the information regarding the flow of the project and the way in which the result is and the analysis is carried out. Refer Fig . Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruitment Process Definition Understanding of Recruitment Recruitment means is the process of estimation of the available vaccines and to make the required arrangements for their selection and appointment. Recruitment can also be defined as the process for obtaining people for a certain job, and from the pool the right people can be selected. The formal definition of the recruitment process is Its the process of attracting and finding among them capable and suitable candidates for possible employment. The whole process starts when the new recruits are sought, and their applications are submitted to go to the next level of the process. This first process results in a pool of applicants for whom the potential new employees can be selected. The process with a wide range of publicity through different sources and the interested candidates are encouraged to submit applications for further processing and the following interviews. The most important thing to remember is to say that recruitment is the first step of contact that a company makes with its potential future employees. Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organisation Edwin Flippo Need for Recruitment The recruitment can be as a result form the following reasons that may arise in any of the companies or organisations The vacancies that are as result of internal departmental promotions, Employee transfers, Retirement of employees, Termination or Resignation of Employees, Permanent Disability of Employees and Death of Employees Requirement of new jobs due to expansion of the organization or diversification of business activities. Requirements that may arise due to increase in business resulting from the unexpected or massive success of a specific product or service of the company Refer fig . Fig , Reasons for Recruitment Importance of Recruitment The main purposes of the requirement are listed down of the many advantages of the requirement process a few are listed below. Refer Fig . To determine the present and the future requirements of any business in line with the HR planning To increase the capable resources for the business with a minimum impact on the budget for recruitment To increase the success and the efficiency of the selection process. This can be achieved by the reduction of under qualified and over qualified candidates To minimize the probability of candidates who may leave the organization after a short time. Because the recruitment process involves money and time. To help the company or the organization to meet the legal rules and regulations of the country Evaluate and increase the efficiency of the recruitment process and enhance the process and find out flaws from time to time in order to maintain the company standard. Fig , Functions of Requirement Effects of Improper and Unplanned Requirement Process The recruit process can be considered the deciding factor that plays a very important role in the companys search for the best talent available in the market in the form of the employees who are going to take the company to meets its goal and objectives but if the process is not carried in a planned fashion then it may result in catastrophic damage for the companys future operations. The following are a few effects that the company may face due to the poor recruitment techniques. Low productivity of the Employees Low or very little turnover of the company due to incompetency of the employees Excessive wastage of the resources due to lack of the best in class knowledge of the tools More accidents that may result at the work place creating a loss to the company Inefficient use of the tools and the companys processes Process of Recruitment The process of recruit is attracting the able candidates to fill the vacancy and become employees of the organisation. The process of recruitment has a few procedures that need to be followed at all times in order to successful completion of the recruitment process The recruitment process can be considered to be completed in the following five stages Planning the recruitment process Developing a strategy for the process Searching for the right candidate Screening the candidates Evaluation and control of the process The best recruitment process is the one that attracts a large number of applicants, who can survive all the above mentioned process. If not properly planned and executed may result in the loss of potential candidates. In order to avoid this the HR department needs to have clear idea of what is the job profile that is required and the type of assessment that are to be carried out in order to have the perfect applicant to be chosen. Refer Fig . Fig , Stages of Recruitment Process Phase 1 Planning Recruitment Process This is the first stage of the recruitment process, proper planning and process would help the company to select skilful and good potential employees from the pool of candidates. The main goal of the planning stage is the translation of the available job vacancies and the job description into an understandable format for the candidates to apply. The places where the walk-in interviews need to be taken and the people who are going to assists for the technical and the administration departments also need to made well in advance so that the potential loss of a expected candidate can be avoided. The main targets include. Refer Fig . The number of vacancies available in each of the specific category The type of applicants the company is interested The job descriptions and roles involved in the jab category Planning of the whole recruiting process from the venue to the people who are going to support the whole process. Fig , Recruitment Planning Process in an Organisation Phase 2 Developing a strategy for the process When the planning phase is successfully completed with de acceptance, form the head of the department s of the different departments. The next and the important phase of the process is to build a strategy for how the whole process is going to work and what is to be done the event of a unplanned scenario etc, who are the key and the responsible people for the whole event and any other related information tot assists the HR people to make decisions. The main important points to develop a strategy for the recruitment process are listed below. Refer Fig . Create the New Employees or Buy the New Employees * The technological tools that are required for the recruitment process Study of the Geographical distribution of the skill markets (Labour Markets) Study of Sources of Recruitment Sequencing the activities in the recruitment process Fig , Developing the Strategy for Recruitment *A Creating new employee is the process of hiring new applicants forms from the pool of skill that is a result of the advertisement and publicity. These after a proper and strategic assessment will be used for the selection of the candidate. On the other hand the Buying means hiring form a third party manpower suppliers a or taking people on a contract for a specific period of time. This type of recruitment is basically when you want people to work on a very specific and a limited basis. Phase 3 Searching for the right candidate The third phase in the process after the successful implantation of the other two is where and how to search for the perfect candidates and the perfect skills you are looking for. Studies have suggested that there are two basic ways of searching for the right candidate with the right skill set etc. This is taken in a step by step process with each other working back to back. Refer Fig . Step 1: Resource Activation request declaration form the middle management Step -2: Selling Step 1: Resource Request Typically in an organisation the recruitment process starts with a vacancy that has aroused in any of the departments such as the technical or non-technical or any of the administration departments. Once there is a vacancy or a n extra resource is required for the job then the middle mangers have need to pass it over to the top management or the bosses for a resource in the weekly or the bi-weekly meeting , then that is further cascaded to the HR to search for the suitable candidate. Firstly they have study in various aspects of the requirement, such as the Budget etc and try to see and internal was of filling the post and if they have no one to fill in then they starts using all the above mentioned ways to fill in the post. Step 2: Selling This is the second step is the immediate reaction the company is going to undergo once when they find a vacancy due for a filling, then they may use the advertising agencies in order to attract the right candidates and for further assessment before they can be hired Fig , Steps in searching phase of Recruitment Phase 4 Screening the candidates Screening is the most important of all the four in the sense that it differentiates or filter the good candidates from the bad or the ones that company would like not to hire. The recruitment process starts from the screening phase. All the scrutinised in this phase of the recruitment process, the following points are worth consideration to understand the process in more detail. Purpose of the screening process The main purpose of the screening process is for sough ting out the unfavourable conditions or the candidates who are not up to the mark and the standards at a early stage of the recruitment process. In the screening process there are no clear job specifications that are required for the candidate to have for the job. But as a good experience and good practice the candidates qualifications are judged on the basis of their skills, knowledge of the subject, attitude and important of all the interest to do the job. Refer Fig . Fig , Screening process for Recruitment The screening process vary for the different for kind of jobs that are required for filling and every job will need to be handle in a different way depending on the criticality of the job and the type of skills that are required for Example: There are some specific jobs such a s hiring a Professor for a educational Institution such as a university is a kind of typical situation. The applications that are received as a response to the publicity and the advertisements are screened and only the eligible candidates are called fro a personal interview. Then the interview is taken y a selection committee which may comprise of the important people of the university such as the Vice Chancellor, Registrar and the Subject Experts who can conduct the interviews. So even there are some certain ways to follow for the general situation for the screening process there may be certain situations there may be some enhancement to be made to the existing system or special type of committees can be brought in to do the job screening the candidate for the job. Phase 5 Evaluation and control of the process The evaluation and control is necessary and termed as the important step in the recruitment process. Because of the recruitment process there are costs incurred by the company so there needs to some kind of control over the money that is going into the recruit process with the budget that has been selected by the company. The following are the ways in which there can be money to be spent by the company. Salaries and perks for the people involved in the recruitment process The time of the management and the professional people spent on the preparation of the job vacancy numbers, Job descriptions, Advertisements, Agency Liaison, so on and so forth. The important and major way of spending on the recruitment is the advertisement and the contracts with the third party agents. Overheads and unplanned events that are a result of recruitment process and the administrative expenses. The extra cost that is resulting from the overtime and the outsourcing while the vacancies remain unfilled for a long time or there are very limited resources on a specific skill set. The cost that the company needs to bare due to the selection of unsuitable or candidates not fitting the bill for the job are selected. The above mentioned five phases of the recruitment process are the very common ones that are used for the recruitment by the organisation. But as it mentioned earlier as well that there may be other ways in which the recruitment process can be taken. So this implies to say that the recruitment process is a critical process and needs a lot of planning and in depth knowledge to pick the best candidates who have the desired qualities professionally and personally. The more the people who fit the job are picked the company will have a sure success then by selecting unsuitable people. Sources of Recruitment The other important area of the recruitment process is the sources of recruitment. The following the common ways in which the organisations generally source for the recruitment process in their companies. Refer Fig . The flow chart gives the information regarding the major of sourcing that can be used in the recruitment process. In order to have a diverse work force and good work culture its always better to have a new recruitment in order to have a new ideas to come in the process which may help the organisation in many ways. Because by the internal referral schemes it may be for a certain and a certain number of vacancies but if this type of sourcing is followed then it may have a certain disadvantages as well. Because this would have an impact on the companys future as well, if not corrected and acted in time. The sources of recruitment are broadly classified in two main categories Internal Sources of Recruitment External Source of Recruitment Internal Source of Recruitment Promotions and Transfers This is a very effective measure for the filling of certain type of vacancies depending on the personal records and the achievements of an employee. The personal records may include educational qualifications and the skill level incurred in the process of acquiring experience. Promotions are a best way to build up good relations between the organisation and the employee. This is way to build the morale of the employee apart from the encouraging the component individuals who are self motivated to make them more recognisable for a promotion. So, this is a good way to enhance the performance for the employees. On the other hand the transfers are other way to make the employees view the organisation on a broad spectrum. This may even be helpful to find employees for the future promotions. Employee Internal Referrals Employees can help their pals and family by acquainting them with the advantages of the company and the vacancy that are available in the company. The major advantage of this type of source is that the employees may only bring those referrals those they feel will fit the bill. This also gets the feeling of ownership for the employees. Former Employees This type includes the employees who are retired by but still can work on limited time basis such as Part time and also other employees who have left the company in the past but would return for better prospects or higher compensations. There are a lot of advantages in this type because these employees have a lot of information and good understanding of the processes of the company. This would further minimise the time in a sense there is no need for induction etc. This in turn saves time and money to the company. Recalling Earlier Employees This type can be used to recall certain employees who have left the company or made redundant in the past, because of recession or lack of business or order to conti

hamlet Essay -- essays research papers

Appearance can be defined as a superficial aspect; a semblance; or pretending something is the case in order to make a good impression. Reality on the other hand can be defined as the state of being actual or real; the state of the world as it really is rather than as you might want it to be. It is undeniably noticeable that throughout Shakespeare’s Hamlet many characters are playing roles: acting rather than being. This unquestionably reminds the reader of reality, where a person can play various roles. In reality, as well as in the play, it is not always easy to distinguish what is true from what only appears to be true. Throughout Hamlet, Shakespeare illuminates the theme of appearance versus reality by portraying principal characters. The principal characters put on an act to conceal their true motives and use it to carry out that motivation as well. The character Polonius reveals this theme stronger than any other character in the play. Throughout the play we see him as a noble and honest man who means well for his family and is a vital link between his son Laertes and daughter Ophelia. But in truth, Polonius is desperately attempting to keep up the appearance of a loving and caring man, in order to prove himself to be of a high status. Before Laertes parts for Paris, Polonius speaks to him and gives him fatherly advice that appears to be meaningful, but in reality is hollow, repetitive, and without feeling. This speech is questionably the most deceiving speech of the play, and takes much thought and study to realize Polonius’ real priorities and objectives. In fact, Polonius does not care much to advise his son for his depart, he simply does this to give the appearance of a loving and caring father: â€Å"Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar. / Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried, /Grapple them to thy soul with hoops of steel, /But do not dull thy palm with entertainment† (I.iii.65-68). However, at the end of his speech, Polonius makes quite an ironic statement, drastically changing the tone: â€Å"And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. /This above all: to thine own self be true, /And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not be false to any man. /Farewel. My blessing season this in thee!† (I.iii.77-81). Just when Polonius has won the trust of the reader, he sends Reynaldo to spy on Laertes, ultimately revealing Polonius’ inabi... ...d remains calm when insulted by Hamlet, while any other king would have gotten infuriated: â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind.† (I.ii.66). Claudius’ actions therefore make it difficult to depict the truth about him. This adds to the mystery of whether Claudius is a good king or merely a conniving liar. Each character in Hamlet is presented in a positive light, making it far more difficult for the reader to uncover the buried truth about the motives of each character. The principal characters blur the border between appearance and reality. Polonius, striving to appear the wonderful father while unable to avoid his conniving mentality; Hamlet, appearing insane and selfish when controlled and selfless; and of course King Claudius, smiling and kissing his sister-in-law/wife while wishing away the guilt of the murder of his own brother. These characters are complex and are a window through the appearances in our world to our reality. Shakespeare’s technique perfectly embodies the humanity of each of these characters, and sends this message right at the beginning of the play when all appears to be fine, but in reality, â€Å"Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.† (I.iv.99)